the Later Latin Society

Latin Verbs

abstineô, abstinêre, abstinuî, abstentum—abstain    active singular       active plural       passive singular       passive plural     present indicative abstineô abstinêmus abstineor abstinêmur abstinês abstinêtis abstinêris (-re) abstinêminî abstinet abstinent abstinêtur abstinentur  imperfect indicative  abstinêbam abstinêbâmus abstinêbar abstinêbâmur abstinêbâs abstinêbâtis abstinêbâris (-re) abstinêbâminî abstinêbat abstinêbant abstinêbâtur abstinêbântur  future indicative abstinêbô abstinêbimus abstinêbor abstinêbimur abstinêbis abstinêbitis abstinêberis (-re) abstinêbiminî abstinêbit abstinêbunt abstinêbitur abstinêbuntur  perfect indicative abstinuî abstinuimus abstentus* sum abstentî* sumus abstinuistî abstinuistis abstentus es abstentî estis abstinuit abstinuêrunt (-re) abstentus est abstentî sunt  pluperfect indicative  abstinueram abstinuerâmus abstentus eram abstentî erâmus abstinuerâs abstinuerâtis abstentus erâs abstentî erâtis abstinuerat abstinuerant abstentus erat abstentî erant   future perf. indic. abstinuerô abstinuerimus abstentus erô abstentî erimus abstinueris abstinueritis abstentus eris abstentî eritis abstinuerit abstinuerint abstentus erit abstentî erunt  present subjunctive abstineam abstineâmus abstinear abstineâmur abstineâs abstineâtis abstineâris (-re) abstineâminî abstineat abstineant abstineâtur abstineantur  imperfect subjunctive abstinêrem abstinêrêmus abstinêrer abstinêrêmur abstinêrês abstinêrêtis abstinêrêris (-re) abstinêrêminî abstinêret abstinêrent abstinêrêtur abstinêrentur  perfect subjunctive abstinuerim abstinuerimus abstentus sim abstentî sîmus abstinueris abstinueritis abstentus sîs abstentî sîtis abstinuerit abstinuerint abstentus sit abstentî sint  pluperfect subjunctive abstinuissem abstinuissêmus abstentus essem abstentî essêmus abstinuissês abstinuissêtis abstentus essês abstentî essêtis abstinuisset abstinuissent abstentus esset abstentî essent  imperatives         2 abstinê abstinête         2, 3 abstinêtô abstinêtôte  infinitives         present abstinêre abstinêrî         perfect abstinuisse abstentus esse         future abstentûrus* esse  participles         present abstinêns (-tis)         perfect abstentus*         future abstentûrus* abstinendus* *declines regularly—like bonus (-a, -um). gerund: abstinendî, –ô, um, –ô      supine: abstentum, –û abs-tineo, ui, tentum, 2, v. a and n. [teneo], to keep off or away, to hold back, to hold at a distance. In the comic writers and Cic. this verb is in most cases purely active, hence constr. with aliquem (or se) re or ab re; the neuter signif. first became prevalent in the Aug. per. = se abstinere. I. Act.: dum ted abstineas nuptâ, viduâ, virgine, etc., Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 37: urbanis rebus te, id. Cas. 1, 1, 13; id. Men. 5, 6, 20; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 132: manus a muliere, Lucil. ap. Non. 325, 32; cf.: manus abstineant,? Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 11: amor abstinendust (apstandust, R.), id. ib. 2, 1, 30: me ostreis et muraenis facile abstinebam, Cic. Fam. 7, 26: ab alienis mentes, oculos, manus, de Or. 1, 43: manus animosque ab hoc scelere, id. Verr. 1, 12 fin: se nullo dedecore, id. Fin. 3, 11, 38: se cibo, Caes. B. C. 8, 44: ne ab obsidibus quidem iram belli hostis abstinuit, Liv. 2, 16: aliquos ab legatis violandis, id. 2, 22: se armis, id. 8, 2 al.—Hence: manum a se, to abstain from suicide, Cic. Tusc. 4, 37 al. II. Neutr.: abstinere, to abstain from a thing; constr. with abl., inf., quin or quominus, the gen. or absol.— (α). With abl.: haud abstinent culpâ, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 18 Ritschl: injuriâ, Cic. Off. 3, 17, 72: fabâ (Pythagorei), id. Div. 2, 58, 119: proelio, Caes. B. G. 1, 22, 3: pugnâ, Liv. 2, 45, 8: senatorio ambitu, Tac. A. 4, 2: manibus, id. Hist. 2, 44: auribus principis, to spare them, id. Ann. 13, 14: sermone Graeco, Suet. Tib. 71: publico abstinuit, did not go out, id. Claud. 36 al.—Impers.: ne a me quidem abstinuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171: ut seditionibus abstineretur, Liv. 3, 10, 7; so id. 5, 50, 7.—(β) With ab: ut ne a mulieribus quidem atque infantibus abstinerent,? Caes. B. G. 7, 47, 5.—(γ) With inf.: dum mi abstineant invidere, if they only cease to envy me, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 2; so Suet. Tib. 23.—(δ) With quin or quominus: aegre abstinent, quin castra oppugnent, Liv. 2, 45, 10: ut ne clarissimi quidem viri abstinuerint, quominus et ipsi aliquid de eâ scriberent, Suet. Gram. 3.— (*ε) With the gen. (in Greek construction like the Greek ἀπέχεσθαί τινος): abstineto irarum calidaeque rixae, Hor. C. 3, 27, 69 (cf. infra, abstinens).—(ζ) Absol.: te scio facile abstinere posse, Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 19: non tamen abstinuit, Verg. A. 2, 534.—Esp. in med., to abstain from food: abstinere debet aeger, Cels. 2, 12, 2.—Hence, abstinens, entis, P. a., abstaining from (that which is unlawful), abstinent, temperate, constr with abl., or poet. with gen.: esse abstinentem, continere omnes cupiditates praeclarum est, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11: praetorem decet non solum manus, sed etiam oculos abstinentes habere, id. Off. 1, 40, 144: impubi aut certe abstinentissime rebus venereis, Col. 12, 4, 3: animus abstinens pecuniae, Hor. C. 4, 9, 37; so, alieni abstinentissimus, Plin. Ep. 6, 8, 5; and: somni et vini sit abstinentissimus, Col. 11, 1, 3.—, Comp., Auson. Grat. Act. 28.— Sup., Col. and Plin. l. l.—Adv.: abstinenter, unselfishly, Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—Comp., Augustin. Mor. Manich. 2, 13. from the 1933 impression of the first edition (Oxford, 1879) of A Latin Dictionary Founded on Andrew's Edition of Freund's Latin Dictionary Revised, Enlarged, and in Great Part Rewritten by Charlton T. Lewis, Ph.D. and Charles Short, LL.D.